The Grand Bazaar (Kapalıçarşı) in Istanbul stands as one of the world's oldest and largest covered markets, an extraordinary labyrinth of commerce, culture, and history spanning 61 streets and housing over 4,000 shops. Established in 1461 by Sultan Mehmet II shortly after the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople, this vibrant marketplace evolved from a small trading post into a vast commercial ecosystem that became the beating heart of the empire's economy. The bazaar's architectural splendor features ornate domed ceilings, pointed arches, and intricate stonework that exemplify traditional Ottoman design, while its network of hans (caravanserais) once served as workshops and storage facilities for merchants traveling the Silk Road. Divided into specialized sections where specific guilds operated, visitors today can explore areas dedicated to jewelry, carpets, ceramics, spices, antiques, and textiles, each maintaining centuries-old traditions of craftsmanship and trade. Beyond shopping, the bazaar functions as a living museum where the art of negotiation is celebrated, traditional Turkish hospitality is displayed through endless cups of tea, and the sensory experience—from the glimmer of gold to the aroma of exotic spices—creates an unforgettable immersion into Istanbul's cultural heritage.