Ankara, the capital city of Turkey, is a vibrant blend of history and modernity. Known for its rich cultural heritage, it features ancient Roman ruins, stunning museums, and contemporary architecture. Visitors can explore significant landmarks such as the Anıtkabir, the mausoleum of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, and the historic Ankara Castle, which offers panoramic views of the city.
The destination guide
Ankara
At a glance
Currency₺ TRYCode: TRY
Time zoneTRT (UTC+3)
Languages
- Turkish
- English
Setting
- Anatolian plateau city
- Citadel hilltop
- Steppe landscapes
- Urban parks
Known for
- History
- Culture
- Architecture
- Politics
- Museums
Population5.9M5,900,000 residents
VisaDuration: Up to 90 days within any 180-day period · Documents: Valid passport with at least six months validity beyond date of entry and at least one blank page for stamps
Practical basics
- Driving side
- Right
- Electrical standard
- 230V/50Hz Type C/F
- Emergency numbers
- 112
- Country code
- TR
How Ankara scores
6/10OverallFair
Weather7/10
Value for money8/10
Safety6/10
Food & cuisine8/10
Culture & arts7/10
Cultural experience8/10
History9/10
Nature & outdoors6/10
Adventure4/10
Nightlife7/10
Shopping7/10
Family friendly5/10
Romance6/10
Character
Photography score9/10
Authenticity score9/10
Off-the-beaten-path score8/10
Editorial scores on a 10-point scale, weighed against destinations of the same kind.
Travel safety snapshot
Overall72/100Moderate rating
Women travellers60/100
LGBTQ+ travellers40/100
Theft68/100
Medical care70/100
Physical harm65/100
Political freedom50/100
SafePlace indicators use their source 100-point scale; higher is more favourable. Planning context, not a live travel advisory — check official government guidance before you go.
When to go
Best months to visit: March, April, May, June, September, October and November.
- January: -2.1 to 5.1 degrees Celsius, 11 millimetres of rain, best-time score 2 out of 5.
- February: 0.1 to 6.8 degrees Celsius, 22.7 millimetres of rain, best-time score 2 out of 5.
- March: 1.7 to 10.7 degrees Celsius, 18.6 millimetres of rain, best-time score 4 out of 5.
- April: 7 to 17.3 degrees Celsius, 21.3 millimetres of rain, best-time score 5 out of 5.
- May: 12.1 to 23.8 degrees Celsius, 2.1 millimetres of rain, best-time score 5 out of 5.
- June: 15.6 to 25.5 degrees Celsius, 0.6 millimetres of rain, best-time score 4 out of 5.
- July: 18.3 to 30.6 degrees Celsius, 1.1 millimetres of rain, best-time score 3 out of 5.
- August: 19.9 to 31.9 degrees Celsius, 0.2 millimetres of rain, best-time score 3 out of 5.
- September: 16.2 to 26.9 degrees Celsius, 7.3 millimetres of rain, best-time score 5 out of 5.
- October: 10.9 to 21 degrees Celsius, 0.8 millimetres of rain, best-time score 5 out of 5.
- November: 4.8 to 13.3 degrees Celsius, 4.9 millimetres of rain, best-time score 4 out of 5.
- December: 0.7 to 7.5 degrees Celsius, 11.3 millimetres of rain, best-time score 3 out of 5.
Month-by-month conditions and packing advice
- January
- Cold weather, mostly dry January in Ankara: cold winter weather makes this less balanced for a broad Ankara visit. Crowds: January marks Ankara’s low tourist season, making it an excellent time for travelers who prefer quiet cultural exploration over bustling crowds. Accommodation prices are generally lower, and popular sites like the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations offer a more intimate experience. Cold weather limits outdoor activities, but it enhances the appeal of indoor attractions and hearty Anatolian cuisine. Snow-dusted cityscapes can add a magical backdrop, though occasional icy conditions may require caution when walking. While the city lacks the lively festivals of warmer months, this period offers a slower, more contemplative visit—well-suited for history enthusiasts and travelers seeking authentic local life without seasonal price surges. Pack: Thermal base layers for warmth; Insulated winter coat; Waterproof boots with good grip; Wool hat and gloves; Warm scarf for wind protection; Casual yet modest indoor clothing for cultural sites
- February
- Cold weather, mostly dry February in Ankara: cold winter weather makes this less balanced for a broad Ankara visit. Crowds: This is Ankara’s low tourist season, meaning fewer crowds and lower accommodation rates, ideal for travelers seeking a quieter, more local experience. The cold temperatures limit extended outdoor activities, but cultural exploration thrives—museums, galleries, and historic sites are pleasantly uncrowded. February is also a good time for indoor culinary experiences and traditional performances. While snow-related disruptions are minimal, it’s best to plan for shorter outdoor excursions and allow for warming breaks. Photography enthusiasts will find the winter light and occasional frost perfect for architectural shots without the usual tourist congestion. Pack: Insulated winter coat for daytime and evening warmth; Water-resistant walking shoes or boots; Thermal base layers for added insulation; Warm hat and gloves to protect against wind chill; Scarf for neck and face coverage in colder gusts; Smart-casual layers for indoor dining and cultural venues
- March
- Cool weather, mostly dry March in Ankara: conditions remain useful with early spring, early summer, or late-fall planning. Crowds: March marks the shoulder season in Ankara, with fewer tourists compared to the busy summer months. Cool yet mostly dry conditions are ideal for sightseeing, museum visits, and leisurely walks through historic districts without the intense heat of later seasons. Accommodation prices are generally moderate, and availability is high, offering good value for longer stays. Outdoor activities such as exploring citadels, traditional markets, and city parks are pleasant, though layering is important for temperature shifts between day and night. The absence of large crowds means more personal space at popular cultural sites, making this an excellent time for photography and slow-paced exploration. Pack: Warm layered clothing for fluctuating temperatures; Light waterproof jacket for occasional showers; Comfortable walking shoes with good grip; Scarf and gloves for chilly mornings; Compact umbrella for unexpected rain; Modest attire for visiting mosques and cultural sites
- April
- Cool weather, mostly dry April in Ankara: museums, Ataturk sites, old-town walks, parks, cafes, and day trips are most comfortable in spring or fall. Crowds: April marks the start of Ankara’s shoulder season, offering a sweet spot between winter’s chill and the summer heat. Tourist numbers remain moderate, meaning key attractions are accessible without long queues, and accommodation prices are still reasonable compared to peak summer. The comfortable climate supports both urban exploration and day trips to nearby cultural sites like Beypazarı. Outdoor cafés begin to open their terraces, making this a rewarding month for travelers seeking authentic local life. While evenings can be cool, the lack of heavy rain and manageable temperatures make planning flexible. Advance booking is advised for popular guided tours, but last-minute arrangements are still feasible in this period. Pack: Light jacket or windbreaker for cool mornings and evenings; Layered clothing to adjust to midday warmth; Comfortable walking shoes for hilly streets; Compact umbrella or light rain jacket for occasional showers; Sunglasses to handle bright spring sunlight; Modest attire for visiting mosques and cultural sites
- May
- Warm and pleasant, mostly dry May in Ankara: museums, Ataturk sites, old-town walks, parks, cafes, and day trips are most comfortable in spring or fall. Crowds: May marks the start of Ankara’s prime tourism window, offering near-perfect conditions for walking tours, museum visits, and day trips to Cappadocia before summer heat sets in. Crowds are moderate compared to the peak July–August influx, and hotel prices are generally stable, making it an appealing time for budget-conscious travelers seeking comfort. The long daylight hours allow for extended exploration of cultural sites without the midday exhaustion common in hotter months. Outdoor festivals and cultural events begin to pick up, adding a vibrant atmosphere to the city. For those interested in photography, the soft spring light and low haze provide exceptional clarity. Advance booking for centrally located accommodations is wise, especially near weekends when domestic tourism increases. Pack: Lightweight long-sleeve shirts for sun protection; Comfortable walking shoes for cobblestone streets; Light jacket or cardigan for cooler evenings; Sunglasses with UV protection; Modest attire for visiting mosques and cultural sites; Reusable water bottle to stay hydrated during walks
- June
- Warm and pleasant, mostly dry June in Ankara: conditions remain useful with early spring, early summer, or late-fall planning. Crowds: June offers prime conditions for sightseeing in Ankara before the peak summer heat arrives. With minimal rainfall and long daylight hours, travelers can comfortably explore outdoor attractions, from Roman ruins to bustling bazaars, without weather interruptions. Tourism is moderately busy, as both domestic visitors and some early international tourists arrive, but crowding remains manageable compared to July and August. Hotel prices are on the rise as summer begins, so booking early secures better rates. Outdoor dining, rooftop cafés, and cultural festivals thrive in this climate, while the dry air and clear skies enhance views from elevated neighborhoods. Evening temperatures invite leisurely strolls, making this an excellent month for balanced itineraries combining heritage sites, modern museums, and open-air performances. Pack: Lightweight cotton or linen shirts for warm afternoons; A light jacket or sweater for cooler evenings; Comfortable walking shoes for cobblestone and hilly streets; Wide-brimmed hat and high-SPF sunscreen for midday sun; Reusable water bottle to stay hydrated in dry air; Modest attire for visits to mosques and cultural sites
- July
- Warm and pleasant, mostly dry July in Ankara: summer heat or winter chill reduces comfort for walking-heavy days. Crowds: July is peak summer in Ankara, bringing consistently warm, sunny weather ideal for sightseeing, open-air concerts, and exploring historical districts on foot. With virtually no rainfall, outdoor activities can be planned confidently, but midday heat encourages a slower pace or indoor cultural visits during the hottest hours. Tourist numbers rise as both domestic and international travelers arrive for events and summer holidays, which can push hotel rates higher in central districts. This is an excellent month for evening cultural programs, al fresco dining, and day trips to nearby archaeological sites. Travelers should book accommodations in advance, especially if visiting during festival dates, and plan early morning or evening excursions for maximum comfort. Pack: Lightweight, breathable clothing for hot days; Wide-brimmed hat and high-SPF sunscreen; Reusable water bottle to stay hydrated; Comfortable sandals or breathable walking shoes; Light scarf or shawl for modesty at cultural sites; Sunglasses with UV protection
- August
- Hot and sunny, mostly dry August in Ankara: summer heat or winter chill reduces comfort for walking-heavy days. Crowds: August marks the peak of Ankara’s summer, a prime time for festivals, outdoor concerts, and late-night gatherings in the city’s plazas. While not the country’s busiest tourist month compared to coastal resorts, Ankara sees steady domestic and cultural tourism. The consistently hot days are perfect for exploring museums early, then shifting to shaded cafés or evening walks when the air cools. Accommodation prices remain moderate compared to coastal cities, but booking ahead is wise due to local events. The dryness minimizes weather disruptions, though midday heat can limit extended walking tours. Travelers should plan outdoor sightseeing in the morning or after 5 pm, reserving the hotter hours for indoor attractions or leisurely meals. Pack: Light, breathable clothing for hot daytime conditions; Wide-brimmed hat and high-SPF sunscreen; Reusable water bottle to stay hydrated; Comfortable sandals or breathable walking shoes; Light jacket or wrap for cooler evenings; Modest attire for visiting mosques and cultural sites
- September
- Warm and pleasant, mostly dry September in Ankara: museums, Ataturk sites, old-town walks, parks, cafes, and day trips are most comfortable in spring or fall. Crowds: September sits at the edge of Ankara’s high season, benefiting from excellent weather without the heavy tourist flow of peak summer. This is an ideal month for walking tours, archaeological site visits, and day trips to nearby Cappadocia before cooler weather sets in. Prices for hotels and flights are slightly lower than in July and August, though advance booking is still wise for popular cultural events. The dry climate and moderate warmth make it perfect for outdoor dining, exploring open-air museums, and enjoying the city’s café terraces. Evening events, concerts, and exhibitions thrive in this comfortable climate, and shorter queues at major sites mean more relaxed sightseeing. Pack: Lightweight long-sleeve shirts for sun protection; Comfortable walking shoes for uneven cobblestone streets; Breathable trousers or skirts for daytime comfort; Light jacket or cardigan for cooler evenings; Sunglasses and high-SPF sunscreen; Modest attire for visiting mosques and cultural sites
- October
- Warm and pleasant, mostly dry October in Ankara: museums, Ataturk sites, old-town walks, parks, cafes, and day trips are most comfortable in spring or fall. Crowds: October marks the start of Ankara’s shoulder season, when summer’s heat and tourist crowds fade, leaving calmer streets and more accessible attractions. The weather is comfortable for full-day itineraries, from archaeological sites to outdoor markets. Lower humidity and minimal rain make it especially good for photography and walking tours. Accommodation prices begin to ease compared to peak summer, while major cultural sites remain fully operational. Shorter daylight hours mean starting activities earlier in the day is advisable. For travelers seeking a balance of good weather, fewer crowds, and lower costs, this month offers one of the best trade-offs of the year in Ankara’s tourism calendar. Pack: Light jacket or cardigan for cooler mornings and evenings; Comfortable walking shoes for exploring hilly streets; Lightweight long-sleeve shirts for sun and modesty; Sunglasses to protect against bright autumn sunlight; Scarf or shawl for layering and cultural sites; Reusable water bottle for dry climate hydration
- November
- Cool weather, mostly dry November in Ankara: conditions remain useful with early spring, early summer, or late-fall planning. Crowds: November marks the beginning of Ankara’s low tourist season, offering quieter streets, reduced accommodation rates, and more personal space at major attractions. The cool, dry weather is perfect for cultural sightseeing and city walks, but not ideal for those seeking lush green landscapes or warm patio dining. Outdoor exploration remains enjoyable with proper layering, while indoor attractions such as museums, art galleries, and tea houses become especially inviting. Early sunsets mean travelers should plan key outdoor activities before late afternoon, then enjoy the city’s cozy restaurants and lively café culture in the evenings. It’s a great month for budget-conscious visitors and those who prefer authentic, crowd-free experiences. Pack: Warm layered clothing including sweaters and jackets; Comfortable walking shoes with good grip; Light scarf and gloves for chilly evenings; Compact umbrella for occasional showers; Camera with low-light capability for early sunsets; Modest attire suitable for mosques and cultural sites
- December
- Cold weather, mostly dry December in Ankara: summer heat or winter chill reduces comfort for walking-heavy days. Crowds: December marks the quiet winter season in Ankara, with fewer tourists and more relaxed access to cultural sites like the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations and Kocatepe Mosque. Accommodation rates tend to be lower, and reservations are easier to secure. The cold, dry conditions make it ideal for indoor cultural exploration, traditional dining experiences, and winter photography without large crowds. Outdoor walking tours are possible but require warm clothing, especially for early mornings and evenings. Short daylight hours mean careful planning is needed to fit in key attractions before sunset. While snow may limit some outdoor mobility, it also creates atmospheric cityscapes for those seeking a more intimate, local experience away from the peak-season bustle. Pack: Insulated winter coat for sub-zero mornings; Thermal base layers for prolonged outdoor walks; Sturdy waterproof boots with good grip; Warm hat, gloves, and scarf for wind protection; Layered outfits for moving between indoors and outdoors; Compact umbrella for occasional winter rain or snow
Peak season
- June
- July
- August
- September
Off-peak
- January
- February
- March
Know before you go
About
Ankara, in central Anatolia, is the capital of Turkey and the country’s second-largest city, with a metropolitan population of about 5.9 million. Although Istanbul is larger, Ankara has been the seat of government since the founding of the Turkish Republic in 1923. Its most visited landmark is Anıtkabir, the monumental hilltop mausoleum of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, completed in 1953. The city’s history runs deep: Ankara Castle’s fortifications crown the old town on a rocky hill above streets that trace through Ottoman, Byzantine, Roman, and Hittite eras, and Alexander the Great passed through in 333 BC. Cultural highlights include the acclaimed Museum of Anatolian Civilizations and the Roman-era Temple of Augustus. A planned administrative capital with universities and embassies, Ankara offers travelers history and authentic Anatolian life away from the coast.
Best time to visit
Spring (April-May) or Autumn (September-October)
Season by season
Spring (Apr–May): mild temperatures (15–23°C), blooming parks, moderate rainfall—ideal for sightseeing. Summer (Jun–Aug): hot and dry (30–35°C), low humidity makes heat bearable, evenings cool due to altitude. Autumn (Sep–Oct): warm fading to cool (15–27°C), clear skies, excellent for outdoor exploration. Winter (Dec–Feb): cold and snowy (−4 to 3°C), fewer tourists, atmospheric snowy cityscapes, indoor museums and warm čay culture.
Crowds
Moderate (less touristed than Istanbul; Anıtkabir can be busy on national holidays)
Getting there and around
Getting there
Esenboğa International Airport (ESB) handles domestic and international flights. The Havaş airport shuttle reaches Ankara city center (Kızılay) in about 45 minutes. Taxis are available but negotiate the fare beforehand. High-speed rail (YHT) connects Ankara to Istanbul in 4.5 hours, Eskişehir in 1.5 hours, and Konya in 1.5 hours. Intercity buses serve all major Turkish cities from AŞTİ bus station.
Getting around
The Ankara Metro (two lines) and Ankaray light rail serve the city center and inner suburbs. Buses and dolmuş (shared minibuses) cover the wider metropolitan area—use an AnkaraKart rechargeable card. Taxis are affordable; use ride-hailing apps like BiTaksi. The city center around Kızılay, Ulus, and Hamamönü is walkable. For Anıtkabir and the castle, walking or a short taxi ride from central Kızılay works well.
Top experiences in Ankara
Anıtkabir (Atatürk Mausoleum)
The monumental mausoleum of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, founder of the Turkish Republic. The imposing neoclassical structure sits atop a hill surrounded by ceremonial plazas, gardens, and a detailed museum chronicling Turkey’s independence war and Atatürk’s personal effects.
Museum of Anatolian Civilizations
Housed in a restored 15th-century Ottoman caravanserai and bazaar near the castle, this UNESCO-awarded museum holds one of the world’s most comprehensive collections of Anatolian artifacts—from Paleolithic tools to Hittite reliefs, Phrygian treasures, and Roman statuary.
Ankara Castle (Ankara Kalesi)
An ancient hilltop fortress offering sweeping panoramic views over the entire Ankara metropolitan area. The inner citadel dates to the 7th century, with foundations reaching back to Roman and possibly Hittite times. The surrounding neighborhood retains its historic Ottoman character.
Kocatepe Mosque
Ankara’s largest mosque, completed in 1987, features Ottoman-inspired architecture with four minarets, a 25m diameter central dome, and intricate interior tilework. A modern shopping center and parking occupy the lower floors—a uniquely Turkish juxtaposition.
Hamamönü District
A beautifully restored Ottoman-era quarter near Ankara Castle, where traditional timber-framed houses have been converted into charming cafés, boutiques, and art galleries. The narrow cobblestone streets provide a peaceful contrast to the modern city surrounding them.
Editor-curated picks carried over from our original guide. Where a full place guide exists, the card links to it.
Where to stay
JW Marriott Hotel Ankara
Iran Caddesi 15, 06680 Kızılay, Ankara, Turkey
Five-star luxury hotel in the Kızılay district with elegant rooms, a spa, indoor pool, and multiple dining venues — a landmark in Turkey’s capital.
Divan Çukurhan
Ataç 1 Sokak No: 12, Çankaya, 06680 Ankara, Turkey
Centrally located boutique hotel near the embassies with individually styled rooms, a leafy courtyard, and walkable access to Tunali Hilmi shopping street.
Hotel & Spa & Convention Centre Swissotel Ankara
Tahran Caddesi No: 12, Kavaklıdere, 06700 Ankara, Turkey
Contemporary four-star hotel in the Kavaklıdere quarter with modern rooms, a fitness centre, and convenient Ankara Metro access.
Editor-curated stays carried over from our original guide. Where we have reviewed the hotel, the card links to the review.
Tips from the field
Highlights
- Anıtkabir – Atatürk's monumental mausoleum
- Museum of Anatolian Civilizations – UNESCO-awarded museum
- Ankara Castle – Ancient hilltop fortress panorama
- Kocatepe Mosque – Grand Ottoman-style mosque
- Hamamönü – Restored Ottoman neighborhood
Best activities
- Visit Anıtkabir to honor Atatürk and explore the museum, browse the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations with its 10,000-year span of artifacts, climb Ankara Castle for panoramic city views, explore Kocatepe Mosque's grand interior, wander restored Hamamönü's Ottoman houses and cafés, visit the ancient Roman Baths and Temple of Augustus, enjoy CerModern contemporary art museum, relax in Gençlik Park, explore the copper-and-spice bazaar around the castle, and sample local Ankara cuisine.
Local experiences
- Explore the narrow streets around Ankara Castle at dusk, where Ottoman-era houses host small restaurants serving traditional Ankara tava (lamb casserole) and çiğ köfte, or join locals for a leisurely çay session in a Hamamönü courtyard café.
Practical tips
- Respect for Atatürk: Never make disrespectful comments about Atatürk, the Turkish flag, or the government—it's a criminal offense.
- Carry ID: It's legally required to carry photographic ID at all times.
- Turkish Tea: Accepting a çay (tea) is a courtesy; declining abruptly is considered rude.
- Bargaining: Expected at bazaars and markets; start at around 50% of asking price.
- Artifacts: Exporting historical artifacts, stones, or fossils is illegal with severe penalties.
- AnkaraKart: Buy a rechargeable transit card for buses, metro, and Ankaray.
- Modest Dress: Cover shoulders/knees and women should carry a headscarf for mosque visits.
Photography tips
- Anıtkabir's monumental scale is best captured in morning light with a wide-angle lens—the ceremonial road leading to the mausoleum provides dramatic leading lines. Ankara Castle offers the best panoramic viewpoint over the city, especially at sunset. The Museum of Anatolian Civilizations' interior requires high ISO in its dim Ottoman halls. Hamamönü's restored Ottoman houses photograph beautifully in golden hour. CRITICAL: Photography near military buildings and government facilities is strictly prohibited and can result in detention.
Timing
- Two full days cover Anıtkabir, the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations, Ankara Castle, Kocatepe Mosque, and Hamamönü. Three days allow for the Roman Baths, CerModern, the ethnography museum, and a deeper exploration of the castle district's cafés and antique shops.
Keeping it authentic
- Ankara's identity runs far deeper than its role as Turkey's modern capital. The Anatolian plateau has been continuously inhabited for millennia—the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations houses Hittite, Phrygian, and Roman artifacts spanning 10,000 years. Atatürk chose Ankara as capital in 1923 precisely because it was the heartland of Anatolia, far from cosmopolitan Istanbul. The result is a city where ancient Roman baths sit alongside Atatürk-era planned boulevards, the world's largest mausoleum dedicated to a democratic leader towers over a landscape of mosques and modern government buildings.
Culture, customs and safety
Cultural heritage
Ankara embodies Turkey’s transformation from Ottoman empire to modern republic, with Anıtkabir mausoleum serving as both Atatürk’s resting place and symbol of Turkish national identity. The city’s Hittite archaeological heritage dates back 4,000 years, while traditional Angora goat farming created the luxury mohair trade that connected Ankara to European markets for centuries. Modern Ankara balances government formality with vibrant student culture from its universities, creating a unique blend of political power, ancient history, and contemporary Turkish intellectual life.
Local customs & etiquette
Turkish culture values hospitality, politeness, and respect. Greet with ‘Merhaba’ (hello) and a smile. Handshakes are standard in formal settings; close friends may exchange cheek kisses. Accept offered tea or coffee graciously. Remove shoes before entering mosques and homes. Women should cover hair with a scarf in mosques. Use your right hand for eating in traditional settings. Bargaining in bazaars is expected and enjoyed. Avoid political discussions unless invited. Tipping 10-15% at restaurants is standard.
Safety notes
Ankara is generally safe for tourists, though increased caution is advised as Turkey’s capital. Petty crime like pickpocketing can occur in crowded areas and tourist spots—keep bags secure. Avoid poorly lit and deserted areas at night. Photography near military buildings and government facilities is strictly prohibited. Always carry your passport or a photocopy. Avoid political demonstrations. Use reputable taxi apps or negotiate fares before departing. Be aware of scams targeting tourists, particularly around bus stations.
